![]() Charles Bourseul, Antonio Meucci, Johann Philipp Reis, Alexander Graham Bell, and Elisha Gray, amongst others, have all been credited with the invention of the telephone. New controversies over the issue still arise from time to time. As with other influential inventions such as radio, television, the light bulb, and the computer, several inventors pioneered experimental work on voice transmission over a wire and improved on each other's ideas. It is derived from the Greek: τῆλε, tēle, "far" and φωνή, phōnē, "voice", together meaning "distant voice".Ĭredit for the invention of the electric telephone is frequently disputed. ![]() The term telephone was adopted into the vocabulary of many languages. His device appears to be the first device based on the conversion of sound into electrical impulses. Johann Philipp Reis used the term in reference to his invention, commonly known as the Reis telephone, in c. This instrument used four air horns to communicate with vessels in foggy weather. A communication device for sailing vessels, called telephone, was invented by Captain John Taylor in 1844. Huth proposed an alternative to the optical telegraph of Claude Chappe in which the operators in the signaling towers would shout to each other by means of what he called "speaking tubes", but would now be called giant megaphones. Perhaps the earliest use of the word for a communications system was the telephon created by Johann Sigismund Gottfried Huth in 1796. In later decades, their analog cellular system evolved into digital networks with greater capability and lower cost.Ĭonvergence in communication services has provided a broad spectrum of capabilities in cell phones, including mobile computing, giving rise to the smartphone, the dominant type of telephone in the world today.īell placing the first New York to Chicago telephone call in 1892īefore the development of the electric telephone, the term telephone was applied to other inventions, and not all early researchers of the electrical device used the term. Hand-held mobile phones were introduced for personal service starting in 1973. For greater mobility, various radio systems were developed for transmission between mobile stations on ships and automobiles in the mid-20th century. These exchanges were soon connected together, eventually forming an automated, worldwide public switched telephone network. Being impractical beyond just a few customers, these systems were quickly replaced by manually operated centrally located switchboards. The first telephones were directly connected to each other from one customer's office or residence to another customer's location. Telephone calls are initiated most commonly with a keypad or dial, affixed to the telephone, to enter a telephone number, which is the address of the call recipient's telephone in the telecommunication system, but other methods existed in the early history of the telephone. Most telephones also contain an alerting feature, such as a ringer or a visual indicator, to announce an incoming telephone call. Telephones permit transmission in both directions simultaneously. ![]() ![]() The transmitter converts the sound waves to electrical signals which are sent through the telecommunication system to the receiving telephone, which converts the signals into audible sound in the receiver or sometimes a loudspeaker. The receiver and transmitter are usually built into a handset which is held up to the ear and mouth during conversation. The essential elements of a telephone are a microphone ( transmitter) to speak into and an earphone ( receiver) which reproduces the voice at a distant location. This instrument was further developed by many others, and became rapidly indispensable in business, government, and in households. In 1876, Alexander Graham Bell was the first to be granted a United States patent for a device that produced clearly intelligible replication of the human voice at a second device. A common short form of the term is phone, which came into use early in the telephone's history. The term is derived from Greek: τῆλε ( tēle, far) and φωνή ( phōnē, voice), together meaning distant voice. ![]() A telephone converts sound, typically and most efficiently the human voice, into electronic signals that are transmitted via cables and other communication channels to another telephone which reproduces the sound to the receiving user. AT&T push button telephone made by Western Electric, model 2500 DMG black, 1980Ī telephone is a telecommunications device that permits two or more users to conduct a conversation when they are too far apart to be easily heard directly. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |